[MassHistPres] Affirmative Maintenance Bylaws-Description and Case Studies

Dennis De Witt djdewitt at rcn.com
Wed Feb 20 10:19:03 EST 2008


I too would strongly question the merging of what seem to me to be  
two very separate -- albeit related -- concepts.  They are  
philosophically different and therefore different in terms of  
applicability -- and different re the likelihood of getting them  
enacted into law.

There are communities and LHDs (such as the French Quarter in N.O.)  
that spell out very specific maintenance standards which must be  
followed and which can be enforced long before the integrity and  
viability of the building is significantly at risk.  When researching  
Demo by Neglect the only Mass example I came across was Lowell.  (Are  
there others?)  It has a minimum maintenance law for all of the city  
except historic districts.  Lowell's LHDs are under a separate  
Demolition by Neglect ordinance (Acts of 1983, Chapter 566) which is  
part of their historic district regulations.

Lowell's city wide law is sections 10-47 through 10-52 of the  
sanitation code.  It says
"the Ordinance shall apply to the exterior maintenance of all  
buildings and structures within the City of Lowell, except where such  
buildings and structures are otherwise specifically provided for by  
other applicable City rules and regulations. The provisions of this  
Ordinance shall control all matter of exterior standards for  
buildings and structures. whether vacant or occupied, and all parts  
thereof."

It has a very long list of building components and how they are to be  
maintained.  Something that sweeping would never pass in most New  
England towns.  (Almost the preservation equivalent of the suburban  
laws elsewhere in the US where if you don't mow your yard to the  
local standard they will do it and fine you.)

I would argue that Demolition by Neglect is entirely different and is  
intended only for exceptional situations (actual demolition) -- i.e.  
the developer who deliberately leaves all the windows open or the  
absentee owner who doesn't care or the building that has been  
inherited by someone who can't or won't maintain it  .  Here is the  
definition recently added to Brookline's Demo Delay by-law.   
(Operational Rules & Regs are in still in draft form.)
“Demolition by Neglect” - a process of ongoing damage to the fabric,  
viability and/or functionability of a building leading towards and/or  
causing its eventual demolition due to decay and/or structural  
failure and/or severe degradation over a period of time as a result  
of a general lack of maintenance, and/or failure to secure the  
building from pests or vandals, and/or failure to take reasonable  
measures to prevent the ingress of water, snow, ice, and wind through  
the roof, walls, or apertures.

I'd think we might see a prosecutable case once a decade -- although  
this provision might form that basis for informal enforcement action  
more often than that.

Dennis De Witt

Brookline




On Feb 19, 2008, at 11:03 PM, SCeccacci at aol.com wrote:

> Chris,
> The term "Affirmative Maintenance" is not only euphemistic but is also
> unclear in its meaning.  The term "Demolition by Neglect" clearly  
> expresses  what
> it is about.  Is there some reason to try to hide what this by-law   
> refers to?
> Do some find the term "Demolition by Neglect" offensive?   If so,  
> isn't there
> another way to say it with more clarity but perhaps  less offensively?
>
> Susan McDaniel Ceccacci
> Historic Preservation Consultant
> Jefferson, MA
>
>
> In a message dated 2/19/2008 8:36:26 A.M. Eastern Standard Time,
> Skelly-MHC at comcast.net writes:
>
> For our  update of the guidebook Preservation through Bylaws and
> Ordinances, we are  changing the name Demolition by Neglect Bylaws to
> Affirmative Maintenance  Bylaws.
>
>
> AFFIRMATIVE MAINTENANCE BYLAWS - FOR UPDATE OF  PRESERVATION THROUGH
> BYLAWS AND ORDINANCES GUIDEBOOK
> I would appreciate  your review and comments on the one page  
> definition
> we have prepared.   In addition, I am looking for case studies to  
> include
> in our guidebook  where an affirmative maintenance bylaw helped to
> protect a significant  historic resource.  Thanks for your   
> assistance.
> Chris.
> ******************************************************
> What  is an Affirmative Maintenance Bylaw?
> An Affirmative Maintenance Bylaw, also  known as a Demolition by  
> Neglect
> Bylaw, is a general bylaw which is an  effective tool for preserving
> historic resources from loss due to lack of  minimum maintenance.
> "Demolition by neglect" is the gradual deterioration  of a building  
> due
> to lack of routine or major maintenance to the point  where demolition
> may be required for safety reasons.  It can occur  when buildings are
> abandoned or neglected, but it can also occur through  deliberate  
> efforts
> on the part of an owner to remove a building.  An  Affirmative
> Maintenance Bylaw provides local regulatory authorities the   
> ability to
> identify threatened buildings and mandate that owners make  necessary
> repairs to protect a building from further deterioration.
>
> How is it adopted?
> An Affirmative Maintenance Bylaw is a general  bylaw requiring a  
> majority
> vote of Town Meeting or the City Council.   At present there is no  
> state
> legislation and is, therefore, adopted  pursuant to Home Rule  
> authority.
> It is typically drafted by your Local  Historical Commission which  
> should
> work closely with the municipality's  code enforcement officers and
> building department to adopt and ultimately  enforce such a bylaw.
>
> How does it work?
> An Affirmative  Maintenance Bylaw can take many forms, but typically
> empowers a Local  Historical Commission to identify threatened  
> buildings
> according to a clear  set of standards.  Most communities adopt  
> specific
> standards for  triggering an Affirmative Maintenance order that are  
> tied
> to loss or  deterioration of specific and major features or  
> elements of a
> building or  linked to the safety code enforced by the Building
> Department.   Affirmative Maintenance bylaws can require owners to  
> make
> minimum repairs  necessary to secure and stabilize the envelope of the
> building.  Once  a property has been identified as threatened with
> demolition by neglect,  the building owner is ordered to make minimum
> repairs. If the owner fails  to make such repairs, a fine can be  
> levied
> and/or the municipality can make  the repairs and place a lien on the
> property.  Most Affirmative  Maintenance bylaws contain clear economic
> hardship provisions, since this  is often the claim made by an  
> owner of a
> deteriorating  building.
>
> *******************************************************
> PRESERVATION  THROUGH BYLAWS AND ORDINANCES
> The Massachusetts Historical Commission is  updating our guidebook
> entitled "Preservation through Bylaws and Ordinances  - Tools and
> Techniques for Historic Preservation Used by Municipalities  in
> Massachusetts."  This guidebook contains descriptions on the   
> variety of
> local bylaws and ordinances currently in use in Massachusetts  for
> protecting historic resources and community character.  The  guidebook
> describes how each bylaw functions, includes a list of  municipalities
> that have passed each bylaw and summarizes success stories  from  
> around
> the state.  Originally prepared in 1998, the guidebook has  been
> incrementally revised since then.  The current version of the   
> guidebook
> can be viewed online at  http://commpres.env.state.ma.us/content/ 
> ptbo.asp
>
> With assistance from a  consultant team, the guidebook is undergoing
> substantial revisions.   These include revising the bylaw  
> descriptions,
> researching new case study  success stories and updating the list of
> cities and towns with each  bylaw.
>
> Each bylaw will have the following:
> The first page  will be a bylaw description summary that can fit on  
> one
> page.  The  next two pages will include case study success stories  
> with
> text and  photographs.  The fourth and last page will be the list  of
> municipalities with each bylaw.
>
> The draft list of bylaws  to include in the guidebook is below:
> Accessory Apartment  Use
> Affirmative Maintenance Bylaws
> Archaeological Protection
> Cluster  Development
> Community Preservation Act
> Demolition Delay
> Design  Review
> Down Zoning
> Downtown Revitalization
> Flexible Zoning
> Local  Historic Districts
> Neighborhood Architectural Conservation  Districts
> Phased Growth
> Planned Unit  Development
> Right-to-Farm
> Scenic Overlay
> Scenic Roads
> Site Plan  Review
> Transfer of Development Rights
> Transportation Corridor  Overlay
> Upper Elevation Protection
> Up Zoning
> Village Center  Zoning
>
> Christopher C. Skelly
> Director of Local Government  Programs
> Massachusetts Historical Commission
> 220 Morrissey Boulevard,  Boston, MA 02125
> Ph: (617) 727-8470 / Fax: (617)  727-5128
> Christopher.Skelly at state.ma.us
> http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhcidx.htm
> *******Stay  Informed on Historic Preservation Topics by joining the
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>
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