IT 244: Introduction to Linux/Unix

IT 244: Introduction to Linux/Unix
Class 8 Exercise

Return to your home directory
```
    cd
```
Confirm that you are in your home directory
```
    pwd
```
Look at your hidden files
```
    ls  -a
```
These files configure various settings in your Unix environment.

Go to my home directory
```
    cd  /home/tsoro
```
Look at my "invisible" files
```
    ls  -a
```
Look at the contents of my .bash_profile file
```
    cat  .bash_profile
```
This file runs other files that customize my Unix environment.
Look at the contents of one of these customization files
```
    cat  .profile.d/local/local_profile.sh
```
What you see here will not mean much to you now.

But it will later in this course.

Go to my course_files/it244_files directory using an absolute pathname
```
    cd  /home/tsoro/course_files/it244_files
```
You can use this pathname anywhere in the filesystem and will always refer to the same directory.
Determine your location
```
    pwd
```
Notice that pwd always returns the absolute pathname of your current directory.
Go to my home directory using an absolute pathname
```
    cd  /home/tsoro
```
Verify that you are in my home directory
```
    pwd
```

Return to your home directory using tilde ~
```
    cd  ~
```
Determine your current location
```
    pwd
```
You should be in /home/YOUR_UNIX_ID
Go to my home directory using tilde ~
```
    cd  ~tsoro
```
Determine your current location
```
    pwd
```
You should be in /home/tsoro
Go to your it244 directory using tilde ~
```
    cd  ~/it244
```
Determine your current location
```
    pwd
```
You should be in /home/YOUR_UNIX_ID/it244.

Notice that, although short, ~/it244 is an absolute pathname and can be used anywhere within this filesystem.

Go to your ex8 directory in your it244/ex directory using tilde ~
```
    cd  ~/it244/ex/ex8
```
Look at the entire contents of your ex8 directory
```
    ls  -a
```
Notice that you have a . and a ..entry.

The . stands for your current directory.
Create a file named foo.txt
```
    touch  foo.txt
```
Create a test directory
```
    mkdir  test
```
Enter the test directory
```
    cd  test
```
Determine your current location
```
    pwd
```
Look at the contents of the parent directory
```
    ls ..
```
Copy foo.txt from the parent directory into your current directory
```
    cp  ../foo.txt  .
```
You use . to specify the current directory and .. to specify the parent directory.
Check that the copy operation worked
```
    ls
```
Make sure you are in your test directory
```
    pwd
```
Remove everything from your test directory
```
    rm *
```
Go back to your ex8 diretory
```
    cd ..
```
Remove the test directory
```
    rmdir  test
```

Go to the course_files/it244_files directory in my home directory
```
    cd  ~tsoro/course_files/it244_files
```
Check your location
```
    pwd
```
List the contents of this directory
```
    ls
```
Display the contents of fruit.txt
```
    cat  fruit.txt
```
Since fruit.txt is in your new current directory, its pathname is simply the filename.

List the content of the current directory
```
    ls
```
List the contents of the dir1 directory using a relative pathname
```
    ls  dir1
```
List the contents of the dir2 directory using a relative pathname
```
    ls  dir1/dir2
```
Display the contents of foo.txt inside dir2 using a relative pathname
```
    cat  dir1/dir2/foo.txt
```

Go to the dir1/dir2 directory using a relative pathname
```
    cd  dir1/dir2
```
Display your current location
```
    pwd
```
Display the contents of the course_files/it244_files directory using a relative pathname
```
    ls  ../../
```
Display the contents of the root directory using a relative pathname
```
    ls  ../../../../../..
```

Look at the contents of my home directory using a relative pathname
```
    ls  ../../../..
```

Look at the contents of my class notes directory for this course

    ls  ../../../../public_html/it244_html/class_notes_it244

Look at the last 10 lines of the Class Notes index page

    tail  ../../../../public_html/it244_html/class_notes_it244/class_notes_index_it244.html

Go to your ex8 directory
```
    cd ~/it244/ex/ex8
```
Make sure you are in you ex8 directory
```
    pwd
```
Create the script ex8.sh
```
    nano  ex8.sh
```
Write into this file the commands you used above

Include Unix commands from the section Hidden files to the section up to and including Relative pathnames neither above nor below your current directory.
Save this file

Save and quit.
Run this script looking for error messages
```
    bash  ex8.sh > /dev/null
```
Running ex8.sh this way will only print error messages.

If you see nothing your script has no Unix errors.

If you find any errors, fix them.
Test you script
```
    ~tsoro/it244_test/ex08.sh
```
When the script asks if you are ready for more, hit Return or Enter.
Let me check your script